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Compare Saint Martin (2008) - Niue (2001)

Compare Saint Martin (2008) z Niue (2001)

 Saint Martin (2008)Niue (2001)
 Saint MartinNiue
Administrative divisions - none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages each with its own village council whose members are elected and serve three-year terms
Age structure - 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products - coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports 1 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1		 total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 54.4 sq km


land: 54.4 sq km


water: NEGL		 total:
260 sq km

land:
260 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative more than one-third the size of Washington, DC 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity. Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to 2,100 in 2000) with substantial emigration to New Zealand.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population
Budget - revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital name: Marigot


geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)


daylight savings: +1 hour		 Alofi
Climate temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline 58.9 km (for entire island) 64 km
Constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin


conventional short form: Saint Martin


local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin


local short form: Saint-Martin		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Niue

former:
Savage Island
Currency - New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status overseas collectivity of France self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas collectivity of France) none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas collectivity of France) none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - $8.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview The economy of Saint Martin centers around tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the United States. Saint Martin is reported to have the highest per capita income in the Caribbean. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry.
Electricity - consumption - 2.8 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues fresh water supply is dependent on desalinization of sea water increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003) New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997), 1.4543 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007)


head of government: President of the Territorial Council Louis-Constant FLEMING (since 16 July 2007)


cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council


election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term


election results: Louis-Constant FLEMING unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007		 chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)

head of government:
Premier Sani LAKATANI (since 1 April 1999)

cabinet:
Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
Sani LAKATANI elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%
Exports - $117,500 (f.o.b., 1989)
Exports - commodities - canned coconut cream, copra, honey, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners - NZ 89%, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description the flag of France is used yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.5 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 1%


industry: 15%


services: 84% (2000)		 agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,800 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 18 05 N, 63 57 W 19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the World shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten one of world's largest coral islands
Highways - total:
234 km

paved:
86 km

unpaved:
148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $4.1 million (c.i.f., 1989)
Imports - commodities crude petroleum, food, manufactured items food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners US, Mexico (2006) NZ 59%, Fiji 20%, Japan 13%, Samoa, Australia, US
Independence none (overseas collectivity of France) on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate - NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1% (1995)
International organization participation UPU ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land - NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force - 450 (1992 est.)
Labor force - by occupation 85% directly or indirectly employed in tourist industry most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries total: 15 km


border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 15 km		 0 km
Land use - arable land:
19%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
50% (1993 est.)
Languages French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles) Polynesian closely related to Tongan and Samoan, English
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply English common law
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012)


election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1		 unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)

elections:
last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
95%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location island 300 km southeast of Puerto Rico Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Oceania
Maritime claims - exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches - Police Force
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848) Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality - noun:
Niuean(s)

adjective:
Niuean
Natural hazards - typhoons
Natural resources salt fish, arable land
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET] Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Sani LAKATANI]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population 33,102 (October 2004 census) 2,124 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.5% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations FM 3 (2007) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 1,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Suffrage 18 years of age, universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: fully integrated access


domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems


international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Gudaloupe		 general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
single-line telephone system connects all villages on island

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use - 376 (1991)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1991)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (1997)
Terrain - steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman
Transportation - note nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten -
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways - none
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